Instead of focusing solely on the quality of a man's sperm, women often bear the brunt of blame for infertility when conception is delayed despite regular unprotected intercourse over an extended period. Infertility, defined as the inability to conceive after one or more years of consistent unprotected sexual activity, affects approximately 8-12% of couples worldwide. Of those affected, male infertility accounts for 30–40%, female infertility for 40–55%, and about 10% experience a combination of both issues.
Research suggests that the strength and density of a man's sperm significantly impact repeated unsuccessful attempts at conception. Rohit Ganapathi, in an article published by manmatters.com on April 13, 2022, emphasizes the importance of both parents' well-being and the quality of both sperm and egg in successful conception.
The decline in sperm quality in recent years has become a prevalent issue, with male infertility more common than previously assumed. Ganapathi defines male infertility as the failure to impregnate a female partner despite unprotected sexual intercourse. Various factors contribute to male infertility, with abnormal semen being the most common, responsible for up to 90% of cases. Semen, a fluid ejaculated from the male reproductive system, contains sperm cells necessary for fertilization.
Studies have identified several factors affecting sperm quality, including smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, thyroid dysfunction, erectile dysfunction, a sedentary lifestyle, infections (such as mumps orchitis), emotional stress, exposure to pesticides and toxins, chronic illnesses, and malnutrition.
However, male infertility is not insurmountable. Ganapathi suggests lifestyle changes to enhance sperm quality, such as adopting a healthy diet and exercise regimen. He outlines nine techniques to achieve thicker and stronger sperm:
1. Avoiding a sedentary lifestyle
2. Engaging in regular exercise
3. Quitting smoking
4. Consuming plenty of vitamin C
5. Ensuring adequate intake of vitamin D
6. Implementing stress relief measures
7. Taking zinc supplements
8. Avoiding certain medications known to affect sperm quality
9. Paying attention to dietary considerations, including consuming nutrient-rich foods
Medical options are also available for addressing male infertility, including diagnosis, hormonal treatment, and surgical interventions. Ganapathi underscores the importance of reproductive health and advises seeking medical consultation if lifestyle adjustments fail to resolve fertility issues.
